2016年10月23日星期日

What are factors that can cause chronic pyelonephritis into chronic renal insufficiency?慢性肾盂肾炎患者促使发展为慢性肾功能不全的因素有?

①治疗不彻底的再发性或持续性感染;②肾脏发育不全或畸形;③出现进行性免疫性损害;④高血压肾损害;⑤严重膀胱输尿管返流对肾脏的损害;⑥出现合并感染的肾结石

(1) treatment of incomplete recurrent or persistent infection; 
(2) renal hypoplasia or malformation; 
(3) progressive immune damage; 
(4) hypertension renal damage; 
severe vesicoureteral reflux damage to the kidneys; 
the emergence of kidney stones with infection.

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